Classification of pepper plants

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  " Pepper plants, or what we usually call pepper, and have the Latin name piper nigrum, are included in the category of plants that are rich in compounds, such as fatty oils and starch.

 Pepper plants were first discovered and known hundreds of years ago by foreign nations.

 

Pepper has antipyretic, spicy and slightly bitter properties. If consumed, you will feel a warm sensation in your body.

 In general, people are more familiar with pepper plants with the black pepper and white pepper varieties.

 Black pepper is also a major commodity from Indonesia, almost 75% of which is sent abroad.

 Apart from being an export commodity, pepper is also often used as a kitchen spice or complement to certain dishes in Indonesia itself.

 Pepper can be grown from seeds, but now farmers prefer cuttings, because it speeds up the growth of the pepper plant itself.

 ' Many farmers are now starting to cultivate this pepper plant, especially in areas with a cool climate such as hilly areas because the price is stable and it is able to reach overseas markets.

 

* PARTS OF A PEPPER PLANT 

 

- STEM : Pepper plants generally grow by climbing upwards using poles or poles made of bamboo, but there are also pepper plants that climb directly on the surface of the ground.

 - ROOT : Pepper plants have taproots, but upon closer inspection, they resemble fibrous roots, but are relatively small in size, unlike taproots. According to their type, pepper plant roots are divided into two types: ground roots and sticky roots.

- BRANCH : compiled from several studies, pepper plants also have two branch varieties, namely plagiotropic and orthotropic.

- LEAF : Pepper has shiny dark green leaves on the top and green on the bottom and has oval leaves that are almost egg-shaped but slightly pointed at the tip.

 

 * PEPPER PLANT VARIETIES

 According to the Indonesian spice commodity association, there are almost 40 types of pepper plants.

 However, the variety or type also ad ofapts to the planting location, therefore each pepper plant variety also has advantages and disadvantages in the resistance of the pepper plant itself to pests or diseases.

 As time goes by, many farmers have now applied pepper plants using a shrub system (does not require a large area of land, the harvest is comparable to the climbing system), but there are still many who use the climbing system.

 * SPREAD 

 Indonesia is the largest international supplier of pepper. It controls almost 80% of the world's pepper production. 90% of the pepper plantation area is managed by smallholder plantations, such as in Lampung Province, Bangka Belitung Islands, West Kalimantan, and East Kalimantan.

 " In its distribution, pepper plants grow in many tropical forest areas, one of which is Indonesia, which has several islands, some of which are still forested.

 So, according to the mapping of geographical location and having a cool climate, the Indonesian region can be categorized as a pepper crop commodity that is able to reach the overseas market share.